G-Spot 

For other uses, see G-spot (disambiguation).
Woman's internal reproductive anatomy.

The Gräfenberg spot, or G-spot, is a female erogenous zone which when stimulated leads to high levels of sexual arousal and powerful orgasms.1

Contents

Origin and popularity of the term

The term "G-spot" was coined by Addiego et al. in 1981,2 after the German gynaecologist Ernst Gräfenberg who hypothesized its existence in a paper published in 1950.3 The concept entered popular culture after the publication of The G Spot and Other Recent Discoveries About Human Sexuality by Ladas et al.1 in 1982, but it was criticized almost immediately by gynaecologists.4

The existence of a G-spot has been widely accepted by the public,citation needed and most popular sexology books treat it as fact. In one study of female ejaculation, 84% of the approximately 1300 professional women who responded reported a sensitive area in the vagina, and this was correlated with those who also reported ejaculation.5

Gynecologists and doctors continue to be skeptical of the existence of the G-spot.678

Search for a sensitive area

Methodology

Two primary methods have been used to define and locate the G-spot as a sensitive area in the vagina:9

In a published case study of one woman, it was reported that stimulation of the anterior vaginal wall made the area grow by fifty percent and that self-reported levels of arousal/orgasm were “deeper” when the G-spot was stimulated.2 Another study examined eleven women by palpating the entire vagina in a clockwise fashion, and reported a specific response to stimulation of the anterior vaginal wall in four of the women.10

Criticism

G-spot proponents are criticized for giving too much credence to anecdotal evidence, and for questionable investigative methods: for instance, the studies which have yielded positive evidence for a precisely located G-spot involve small participant samples.9

Scientific examinations of vaginal wall innervation have generally shown that there is no single area with a greater density of nerve endings.9 A recent study of 110 biopsy specimens drawn from 21 women concluded with the absence of a vaginal locus with greater nerve density.11 However, sensitivity is not determined by neuron density alone: other factors include the branching patterns of neuron terminals and cross or collateral innervation of neurons.citation needed

Skene's gland and other approaches

See also: Skene's gland and urethral sponge

Links between G-spot sensitivity and female ejaculation have led to the idea that non-urine female ejaculate might originate from the female paraurethral glands, or Skene's gland: in a study by Tepper et al., tissue from 18 patients was examined and 15 showed prostate-specific antigens.12 More recent studies have backed up this finding, leading some to call the Skene's glands the female prostate.13 Consequently, it has been argued that the G-spot is a system of glands and ducts located within the anterior (front) wall of the vagina, about one centimeter from the surface and one third to one-half the way in from the vaginal opening.14 A similar approach has linked the G-spot with the urethral sponge.15

Many researchers have found the connection between the Skene's gland and the G-spot to be weak.916 The Skene's gland does not seem to have receptors for touch stimulation and no direct evidence for its involvement has been forthcoming.17

Researchers at the University of L'Aquila have found, using ultrasonography, that women who experience vaginal orgasm are statistically more likely to have thicker tissue in the anterior vaginal wall.18 In addition, PDE5 activity has been linked to the area of the G-spot and the presence of Skene's glands: in women without Skene's glands, concentrations of PDE5 are much lower.19 Researchers state that these findings make it possible for women to have a rapid test to confirm whether or not they have a G spot.20

See also

Sexuality portal

References

  1. ^ a b Ladas, AK; Whipple, B; Perry, JD [1982]. The G spot and other discoveries about human sexuality. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. 
  2. ^ a b Addiego, F; Belzer, EG; Comolli, J; Moger, W; Perry, JD; Whipple, B. (1981). "Female ejaculation: a case study.". Journal of Sex Research 17 (1): 13–21. 
  3. ^ Ernest Gräfenberg (1950). "The role of urethra in female orgasm". International Journal of Sexology 3 (3): 145–148, http://www.landman-psychology.com/284/sexuality/grafenberg-gspot.htm. 
  4. ^ "In Search of the Perfect G". Time. September 13, 1982, http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,951842-1,00.html. 
  5. ^ Darling, CA; Davidson, JK; Conway-Welch, C. (1990). "Female ejaculation: perceived origins, the Grafenberg spot/area, and sexual responsiveness.". Arch Sex Behav 19: 29–47. doi:10.1007/BF01541824. 
  6. ^ Delvin, David; Christine Webber (May 2008). "The G-spot". Healthy Living. NetDoctor.co.uk. Retrieved on 2008-11-05.
  7. ^ Hines, Terence M. (August 2001). "The G-spot: A modern gynecologic myth." (abstract). Clinical Opinion: American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology. 185(2) pages 359-362. Retrieved on 2008-11-06.
  8. ^ "In Search of a Perfect G", Time magazine (September 13, 1982). 
  9. ^ a b c d Hines, T (August 2001). "The G-Spot: A modern gynecologic myth". Am J Obstet Gynecol 185 (2): 359–62. doi:10.1067/mob.2001.115995. PMID 11518892. 
  10. ^ Goldberg, DC; Whipple, B; Fishkin, RE; Waxman H; Fink PJ; Wiesberg M. (1983). "The Grafenberg Spot and female ejaculation: a review of initial hypotheses.". J Sex Marital Ther. 9: 27–37. 
  11. ^ Pauls, R; Mutema, G; Segal, J; Silva, WA; Kleeman, S; Dryfhout, Ma V; Karram, M. (November 2006). "A prospective study examining the anatomic distribution of nerve density in the human vagina.". J Sex Med 3 (6): 979–87. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2006.00325.x. PMID 17100930. 
  12. ^ Tepper, Sl; Jagirdar, J; Heath, D; Geller, SA. (1984). "Homology between the female paraurethral (Skene's) glands and the prostate.". Arch Pathol Lab Med. 108: 423–425. 
  13. ^ Zaviacic, M; Ablin, RJ. (2000). "The female prostate and prostate-specific antigen. Immunohistochemical localization, implications for this prostate marker in women, and reasons for using the term “prostate in the human female.". Histol Histopathol 15: 131–142. 
  14. ^ Crooks, R; Baur, K [1999]. Our Sexuality. California: Brooks/Cole. 
  15. ^ Tracee Cornforth (2004). ""The Clitoral Truth": An Interview With Author Rebecca Chalker". About.com: Women's Health.
  16. ^ Santos, F Taboga, S. (2003). ""Female prostate: a review about biological repercussions of this gland in humans and rodents.". Animal Reproduction. 3 (1): 3–18. 
  17. ^ Alzate H Hoch Z (1986). "The "G spot" and "female ejaculation": a current appraisal.". J Sex Marital Ther. 12 (3): 211–20. 
  18. ^ Gravina GL, Brandetti F, Martini P, et al (2008). "Measurement of the Thickness of the Urethrovaginal Space in Women with or without Vaginal Orgasm". J Sex Med 5: 610. doi:10.1111/j.1743-6109.2007.00739.x. PMID 18221286. 
  19. ^ Nicola Jones (2002-07-03). "Bigger is better when it comes to the G spot". New Scientist, http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn2495. 
  20. ^ Sample, Ian (2008-02-21). "The elusive G spot really does exist, say researchers" (in English), The Guardian. Retrieved on 3 September 2008. 

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